Smoking is associated with early dental implant failure particularly at the maxillary location, at both implant and individual level suggests a study published in the Journal of Dentistry.

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There is uncertainty about the extent to which smoking influences early dental implant failure.
A study was done to assess the association between smoking and early dental implant failure by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Thirty-two observational clinical studies published between 1994 and 2024 were included, with a total of 59,246 implants at implant level and 14,115 patients at individual level.

At implant level, a meta-analysis of 21 included cohort studies showed that smoking was associated with increased risk of early dental implant failure compared with non-smoking (odds ratio [OR], 2.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.08–3.23). Three included studies reported that smoking was associated with higher maxillary early dental implant failure risk (OR, 5.90; 95%CI, 2.38–14.66) than that of mandible (OR, 3.76; 95%CI, 1.19–11.87). At individual level, meta-analysis of thirty cohort studies indicated that risk of early implant failure in smokers was 100% higher than in non-smokers (OR, 2.00; 95%CI, 1.43–2.80).
Three case-control studies found that risk of early implant failure of smokers was 59% higher than that of non-smokers (OR, 1.59; 95%CI, 1.28–1.97). Smoking was significantly associated with early dental implant failure, particularly at the maxillary location, at both implant and individual level. These findings suggest smoking cessation is a crucial factor in reducing risk of early dental implant failure. There is uncertainty about the extent to which smoking influences early dental implant failure, our meta-analysis of findings emphasize smoking was significantly associated with early dental implant failure, particularly at the maxillary location.
Reference:
Ying-Ying Fan, Shu Li, Ye-Jun Cai, Tai Wei, Peng Ye. Smoking in relation to early dental implant failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Journal of Dentistry, 2024, 105396,ISSN 0300-5712. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105396