October 20, 2025

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Poor Periodontal Health Linked to GDM in Pregnant Women: Study

Researchers have found in a new study published in BMC Oral Health that women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) exhibited significantly worse periodontal health compared to healthy controls, suggesting a potential link between periodontal inflammation and GDM. The study also identified pregnancy weight gain as the strongest predictor of GDM risk. The case-control study included 40 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM and 40 healthy pregnant women with uncomplicated pregnancies. Oral health was assessed using the Plaque Index, Gingival Index, Probing Depth, Clinical Attachment Level, and the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth index. The results revealed that women with GDM had significantly higher scores in the Plaque Index, Gingival Index, and Probing Depth, indicating greater periodontal inflammation. Additionally, the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth index was significantly higher in the GDM group, suggesting poorer overall oral health. These findings align with previous research indicating that periodontal disease can lead to elevated levels of inflammatory markers, which are also implicated in insulin resistance and the development of GDM.

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